Tuis » Algemeen » Koeitjies & kalfies » Re: Malaria Vaccine
| Re: Malaria Vaccine [boodskap #37504] |
Fri, 01 December 2000 22:16  |
Elaine
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'n Malaria vaccine soos die polio een?
Elaine
Sue skryf in boodskap news:MPG.1491cc779a6611b29897df@news...
>
> Weet iemand dalk of daar al proewe begin het vir die Malaria vaccine in
> Suid Afrika? Word dit enigsins bespreek in die media daar? Is mense
> byvoorbeeld bewus dat daar so iets bestaan?
>
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| Re: Malaria Vaccine [boodskap #37514 is 'n antwoord op boodskap #37504] |
Sat, 02 December 2000 00:00  |
Ernst v Biljon
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Ja, maar daar is besluit dat daar moet eers in 'n ander rigting gekyk
word.
Malaria is 'n virus wat in miskiete leef en deur die wyfie oorgedra word
na die mens waneer sy haar bloedverdunnings 'speeksel' in die mens
inspuit.
Omdat daar meer as 15 mense per maand dood gaan aan Malaria in SA is
daar besluit om intensief na die probleem te kyk. Die grootse area is
vanaf Waterpoort Noordwaarts en Louis Trichard Ooswaards tot en met so
Port Elizabeth gebied. Dit strek seker so 25% gebieds area in en dek
seker ook dieselfde persentasie bevolking. Met die besoekers na d ie
area en kom sker 3-4 keer die bevolking in in moontlike aanraking van
die miskiet.
SA sit nou met 'n probleem. Indien hulle 'n middel sou inbring wat die
malaria in die mens sou doodmaak of varander wat sou die virus in
verander om oorleefbaarheid te verseker. Dit is iets ander as Polio waar
die mens die draer is. Hier is die miskiet die draer. So, die probleem
moet by die miskiet aangevoer word. Daarby kom dan die koste. SA vergeet
altyd die 'koste'.
Kom spuit elke persoon in SA in teen 'n prys van R10 elk. Dan gaan maar
net R400 miljoen kos (huidiglik word daar gevoel dat die teenmiddel in
die duisende per persoon sal kos). So die wetenskaplikes werk daaraan 'n
goekoper manier te vind.
Tot huidig is daar 3 metodes gevind om die virus van onslae te raak 1)
vernietig die miskiet (dit kos bijoene Rande per jaar en die miskiete is
nou nie meer weerloos teen die middels wat ons gebruik nie. Inteendeel
hulle is eintlik bestand en 'n nuwe sterker strain het ontwikkel. 2)
Maak die miskiet steriel. Baie gewild en wer soos 'n droom. Die probleem
is dat die voedings ketting, waar die miskiet deel van is, wor verbreek
en niemand wil dit op 'n groot skaal aanpak nie. 3) Vind 'n teemiddel
wat die mens sal help. Maar, dit maak nie die virus dood of laat nie die
virus van karakter verander nie.
So, wat doen SA. Gebruik 'n middel wat in die wêreld verban is
(insluitend SA) vir meer 40 jaar. Maar, dit is al middel wat nog gewerk
het. Dit het so goed gewerk dat vir 10 jaar is daar minder as 5 sterfte
gevalle aangemeld is. En die produk? DDT!!!!. Dit word in werklik groot
massas gemaak teen 'n prys van min as R1.00 per Kilogram. Ver minder as
'n teenmiddel ooit sou kon kos. Die gevoel is dat SA die miskiet kan
beheer teen 'n prys wat die belastingbetaalder minder as 1c per jaar
gaan kos.
Ernest
"Sue" skryf in boodskap news:MPG.1491cc779a6611b29897df@news...
>
> Weet iemand dalk of daar al proewe begin het vir die Malaria vaccine in
> Suid Afrika? Word dit enigsins bespreek in die media daar? Is mense
> byvoorbeeld bewus dat daar so iets bestaan?
>
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| Re: Malaria Vaccine [boodskap #37517 is 'n antwoord op boodskap #37504] |
Sat, 02 December 2000 02:01 |
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Oorspronklik gepos deur: @home.com
Sue wrote:
> In article , ang...@dotcool.com says...
>> 'n Malaria vaccine soos die polio een?
>
> Ja, dieselfde idee. Die rede hoekom ek belangstel is dat die CDC (centre
> for disease control) hier in Atlanta my VERSEKER dat dit wel beskikbaar
> is in Suid Afrika. Bleikbaar is dit ook beskikbaar in Zimbabwe, maar nog
> niemand (van die publiek) in SA is bleikbaar bewus hiervan nie. Weet jy
> dalk iets? Het hulle al iets daaroor op julle nuus stasies of koerante
> gese?
Hoe werk so 'n vaksinasie? Is daar dan nie verskillendesoorte malaria nie.
Toe ons laas in die Kruger Wildtuin
was, het ons een soort ding geneem, en my suster en
swaer iets anders (baie meer intensief.) Die rede was
glo dat hulle (wat vreeslik baie in die Wildtuin kom)
groter gevaar loop om 'n soort meningitis of iets te
ontwikkel as ons wat nog net tweekeer in die Wildtuin
was in die afgelope twintig jaar. Kan iemand hierdie
stand van sake aan my verduidelik.
Gloudina
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| Re: Malaria Vaccine [boodskap #37529 is 'n antwoord op boodskap #37504] |
Sun, 03 December 2000 00:00 |
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Oorspronklik gepos deur: @home.com
Sue wrote:
> Net gou iets anders - ek sit CNN en kyk, en een van altyd Goor se lawyers
> wat sy saak op die oomblik betoog is 'n SUID AFRIKANER! :-))
> Wys net weer watse slim mense julle is!
Watter een is dit, Sue?Die statistiek-outjie wat gister in regter Sauls se hof
in Tallahassee vir die Gore kant getuig het, is 'n
Frans Kanadees. So almal het hulle vingers in die
pot.
Gloudina
> :
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| Re: Malaria Vaccine [boodskap #37532 is 'n antwoord op boodskap #37504] |
Sun, 03 December 2000 01:18 |
Simon van der Schans
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Geregistreer: January 1999
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Sue wrote in message ...
> In article , ern...@mweb.co.za says...
>
> Hallo Ernest,
>
>> Malaria is 'n virus wat in miskiete leef en deur die wyfie oorgedra word
>> na die mens waneer sy haar bloedverdunnings 'speeksel' in die mens
>> inspuit.
>
> Malaria is nie 'n virus nie. :-)
Met ander woorde, Ernest skiet mis.
Ek hoor dat malaria ('ague') in die dae van Shakespeare 'n groot
gesondheidsprobleem was in Engeland. Oliver Cromwell is onder
andere daaraan dood (in 1658).
Swart Simon
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| Re: Malaria Vaccine [boodskap #37534 is 'n antwoord op boodskap #37504] |
Sun, 03 December 2000 05:22 |
Ernst v Biljon
Boodskappe: 257
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Jammer ek moes eintlik gesê het parasiet ('n lewende organisme). Sien
bylaag:
Malaria (mah-LARE-ee-ah)
What is malaria?
Malaria is a serious, sometimes fatal, disease caused by a parasite.
There are four kinds of malaria that can infect humans: Plasmodium
falciparum (plaz-MO-dee-um fal-SIP-a-rum), P. vivax (VI-vacks), P. ovale
(o-VOL-ley), and P. malariae (ma-LER-ee-aa).
Where does malaria occur?
Malaria occurs in over 100 countries and territories. More than 40% of
the people in the world are at risk. Large areas of Central and South
America, Hispaniola (Haiti and the Dominican Republic), Africa, the
Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia, the Middle East, and Oceania are
considered malaria-risk areas (an area of the world that has malaria).
How common is malaria?
The World Health Organization estimates that yearly 300-500 million
cases of malaria occur and more than 1 million people die of malaria.
About 1,200 cases of malaria are diagnosed in the United States each
year. Most cases in the United States are in immigrants and travelers
returning from malaria-risk areas, mostly from sub-Saharan Africa and
the Indian subcontinent.
How do you get malaria?
Humans get malaria from the bite of a malaria-infected mosquito. When a
mosquito bites an infected person, it ingests microscopic malaria
parasites found in the person's blood. The malaria parasite must grow in
the mosquito for a week or more before infection can be passed to
another person. If, after a week, the mosquito then bites another
person, the parasites go from the mosquito's mouth into the person's
blood. The parasites then travel to the person's liver, enter the liver'
s cells, grow and multiply. During this time when the parasites are in
the liver, the person has not yet felt sick. The parasites leave the
liver and enter red blood cells; this may take as little as 8 days or as
many as several months. Once inside the red blood cells, the parasites
grow and multiply. The red blood cells burst, freeing the parasites to
attack other red blood cells. Toxins from the parasite are also released
into the blood, making the person feel sick. If a mosquito bites this
person while the parasites are in his or her blood, it will ingest the
tiny parasites. After a week or more, the mosquito can infect another
person.
Each year in the United States, a few cases of malaria result from blood
transfusions, are passed from mother to fetus during pregnancy, or are
transmitted by locally infected mosquitoes.
What are the signs and symptoms of malaria?
Symptoms of malaria include fever and flu-like illness, including
shaking chills, headache, muscle aches, and tiredness. Nausea, vomiting,
and diarrhea may also occur. Malaria may cause anemia and jaundice
(yellow coloring of the skin and eyes) because of the loss of red blood
cells. Infection with one type of malaria, P. falciparum, if not
promptly treated, may cause kidney failure, seizures, mental confusion,
coma, and death.
How soon will a person feel sick after being bitten by an infected
mosquito?
For most people, symptoms begin 10 days to 4 weeks after infection,
although a person may feel ill as early as 8 days or up to 1 year later.
Two kinds of malaria, P. vivax and P. ovale, can relapse; some parasites
can rest in the liver for several months up to 4 years after a person is
bitten by an infected mosquito . When these parasites come out of
hibernation and begin invading red blood cells, the person will become
sick.
How is malaria diagnosed?
Malaria is diagnosed by looking for the parasites in a drop of blood.
Blood will be put onto a microscope slide and stained so that the
parasites will be visible under a microscope.
Any traveler who becomes ill with a fever or flu-like illness while
traveling and up to 1 year after returning home should immediately seek
professional medical care. You should tell your health care provider
that you have been traveling in a malaria-risk area.
Who is at risk for malaria?
Persons living in, and travelers to, any area of the world where malaria
is transmitted may become infected.
What is the treatment for malaria?
Malaria can be cured with prescription drugs. The type of drugs and
length of treatment depend on which kind of malaria is diagnosed, where
the patient was infected, the age of the patient, and how severely ill
the patient was at start of treatment.
How can malaria and other travel-related illnesses be prevented?
Visit your health care provider 4-6 weeks before foreign travel for any
necessary vaccinations and a prescription for an antimalarial drug.
Take your antimalarial drug exactly on schedule without missing doses.
Prevent mosquito and other insect bites. Use DEET insect repellent on
exposed skin and flying insect spray in the room where you sleep.
Wear long pants and long-sleeved shirts, especially from dusk to dawn.
This is the time when mosquitoes that spread malaria bite.
Sleep under a mosquito bednet that has been dipped in permethrin
insecticide if you are not living in screened or air-conditioned
housing.
-----------------------------------------------------
"Sue" skryf in boodskap news:MPG.1492e97a34f789bb9897e3@news...
> In article , ern...@mweb.co.za says...
>
> Hallo Ernest,
>
>> Malaria is 'n virus wat in miskiete leef en deur die wyfie oorgedra word
>> na die mens waneer sy haar bloedverdunnings 'speeksel' in die mens
>> inspuit.
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| Re: Malaria Vaccine [boodskap #37535 is 'n antwoord op boodskap #37504] |
Sun, 03 December 2000 05:27 |
Ernst v Biljon
Boodskappe: 257
Geregistreer: March 1999
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Sue, meer urban legend. Mens kan met kilogram hoeveelhede in hulle
liggaam rondloop sonder new effekte. Lees die aangehegte:
Lifesaving Pesticide If environmental activists have their way, DDT --
the most effective mosquito-control agent known -- will soon be banned
from the planet. For nearly 30 years, DDT has been banned from America's
arsenal of pesticides because of environmental concerns. And the United
Nations Environmental Program is now sponsoring a legally binding
convention for a worldwide ban on DDT.
But strong opposition to such a move has arisen from doctors and public
health experts due to a resurgence of mosquito-borne malaria cases in
areas where it had previously been eradicated.
Earlier this year, a group of 380 scientists signed an open letter
arguing for the renewed use of DDT inside houses to fight the
accelerating number of malaria cases.
In poor, developing countries, DDT would be sprayed on the inside walls
of homes and huts -- with negligible environmental consequences.
After the U.S. and other industrialized countries outlawed DDT, the ban
was gradually extended to countries in the developing world through
threats to withhold foreign aid -- in effect, blackmailing them into
dropping their most effective anti-malarial weapon.
The decline in DDT use was followed by malarial epidemics in developing
countries around the world -- resulting in the deaths of hundreds of
thousands of people.
Even here at home, two Boy Scouts contracted malaria while camping in
New York state last summer.
There is substantial doubt that DDT is even a threat to the environment.
As a recent article in the Lancet, a British medical journal, notes, we
have yet to find a single significant health threat from DDT use even
after 40 years of exhaustive research.
Source: Alex Avery and Dennis Avery (both of the Hudson Institute),
"Bring Back DDT, and Save Lives," Wall Street Journal, July 28, 2000
-----------------------------------
"Sue" skryf in boodskap news:MPG.1492e97a34f789bb9897e3@news...
> In article , ern...@mweb.co.za says...
> Maar teen watter koste vir die natuur en mens? DDT is mos vir 'n rede
> verban? Is daar nie bewyse gevind dat DDT konsentreer in die mens en
> dier se sisteme, en havoc veroorsaak nie? Die probleem is ook dat
> sommige insekte ook 'n weerstand opgebou en sal opbou teen DDT, terwyl
> hulle natuurlike vyande nou dood is, so die ekologie word totaal
> versteur. Dit is SKOKKEND om te hoor dat SA weer DDT gebruik.
> Maar ek kan jou punt verstaan oor hoekom dit gebruik word i.p.v die ander
> alternatiewe. Dankie.
>
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